分詞作定語

　　分詞前置

　　We can see the rising sun.

　　我們可以看到東升的旭日

　　He is a retired worker.

　　他是位退休的工人

　　分詞后置 (i.分詞詞組；ii. 個(gè)別分詞如given, left；iii. 修飾不定代詞 something等)

　　There was a girl sitting there.

　　有個(gè)女孩坐在那里

　　This is the question given.

　　這是所給的問題

　　There is nothing interesting.

　　沒有有趣的東西

　　過去分詞作定語

　　與其修飾的詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句。

　　Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.

　　Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.

　　典型例題

　　1) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

　　A. have written　 B. to be written　 C. being written　 D. written

　　答案D. 書與寫作是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞做定語表被 動(dòng)，相當(dāng)于定語從句 which is written

　　2）What's the language ____ in Germany?

　　A. speaking　　B. spoken　　 C. be spoken　　D. to speak

　　答案B. 主語language與謂語動(dòng)詞之間有被動(dòng)的含義。spoken是動(dòng)詞speak的過去分詞形式，在句中作定語，修飾主語language, spoken 與 language有被動(dòng)關(guān)系。該句可以理解為：

　　What's the language (which is) spoken in German?

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